WASHINGTON (AP) — The American system expanded astatine a steadfast 2.8% yearly gait from July done September connected beardown user spending and a surge successful exports, the authorities said Wednesday, leaving unchanged its archetypal estimation of third-quarter growth.

The Commerce Department reported that maturation successful U.S. gross home merchandise — the economy's output of goods and services — slowed from the April-July complaint of 3%.

But the GDP study inactive showed that the American system — the world's largest — is proving amazingly durable. Growth has topped 2% for 8 of the past 9 quarters.

Still, American voters — exasperated by precocious prices — were unimpressed by the dependable maturation and chose this period to instrumentality Donald Trump to the White House to overhaul the nation's economical policies. He volition beryllium supported by Republican majorities successful the House and Senate.

Consumer spending, which accounts for astir 70% of U.S. economical activity, accelerated to a 3.5%% yearly gait past quarter, up from 2.8% successful the April-June play and fasted maturation since the archetypal 4th of 2023. Exports besides contributed to the 3rd quarter’s growth, expanding astatine a 7.5% rate, astir successful 2 years. Still, the third-quarter maturation successful some user spending and exports was little than the Commerce Department initially estimated.

But maturation successful concern business slowed sharply connected a driblet successful concern successful lodging and successful nonresidential buildings specified arsenic offices and warehouses. By contrast, spending connected instrumentality surged.

When helium takes bureau adjacent month, President-elect Trump volition inherit an system that looks broadly healthy.

Growth is steady. Unemployment is debased astatine 4.1%. Inflation, which deed a four-decade precocious 9.1% successful June 2022, has fallen to 2.6%. That is inactive supra the Federal Reserve's 2% target, but the cardinal slope felt satisfied capable with the advancement against ostentation to chopped its benchmark involvement complaint successful September and again this month. Most Wall Street traders expect the Fed to chopped rates again successful December.

The nationalist inactive feels inflation's sting: Prices are astir 20% higher than they were successful February 2021, conscionable earlier ostentation started picking up

Trump has promised an economical shakeup. On Monday, for example, helium vowed to slap caller import taxes connected goods from China, Mexico and Canada. Mainstream economists presumption specified taxes — oregon tariffs — arsenic inflationary. That is due to the fact that they are paid by U.S. importers, who past question to walk on the higher costs to their customers.

Wednesday's study was the 2nd of 3 looks astatine third-quarter GDP. The Commerce Department volition contented the last study connected Dec. 19.